Indonesian Batik
Kauman village has close
links with the history of displacement palace to Solo Kartosuro which later
changed its name to Kasunanan. Kauman is a place of scholars consisting of
several layers of society ranging from the prince of commentators anom, dime,
muezzin, suronoto and people. The existence of the majority population in the
region is the basis for the selection of the name "kauman".
During its development, the
art of batik, which is in the village kauman can be divided into three forms of
classical batik motifs grip (batik), pure batik stamp and model combination of
written and stamped. Batik-patterned grip that is heavily influenced by the art
of batik is a product of superior court Kasunanan kauman village of batik.
These products are made using the batik kampung kauman natural silk and silk
weaving, cotton types premisima and primed, rayon.Villages which have 20-30s
home industry is a subscription from the buyer that has existed for generations
and tourists (Japan, Europe, Southeast Asia and the United States). Uniqueness
is offered to the tourists is the ease of transactions, looking at the home
venue for the activities of batik production. That is, visitors have ample
opportunity to learn the process of making batik. Even to try it myself
practicing batik activities.
Besides batik products,
batik village atmosphere surrounded Kauman also sites of historic buildings
house building joglo, pyramid, colonial architecture and a mix of Java and
Colonial. The buildings in the past that has remained firm amid towering modern
architecture of shopping malls, financial institutions (banks and foreign
exchange), homestay and hotels are widely available around the village kauman.
Support facilities that exist around the village is clearly kauman easiness
special for all the tourists who visit in meeting other needs outside of batik.
Kauman Village which has an
area of 20.10 hectares is one of the old village downtown
that has close links with the Palace of Surakarta. Village together with the
Grand Mosque, has a specific character with old buildings are characterized by
traditional Javanese architecture, as well as the nuances of Islamic community
in it.Kauman begin to grow when Pakubuwono III built the Great Mosque in 1757
AD The King held up as the prince of Tafsir Anom Great Mosque. In carrying out
his daily duties, the prince of the Great Mosque courtiers assisted by other
scholars (among others Ketib and Merbot). The courtiers of his scholars and
students living around the Great Mosque, which was developed and named the
village Kauman which means "The People".
At first the courtiers
scholars only worked as servants in the palace alone, she moonlighted making
batik at home for consumption palace. Over time household business is then
transformed into a work of batik and duplicate it succeeded in raising the
economic level of society. This effort which, among other causes Kauman
community can build a magnificent house / beautiful in early 1800 to mid-year
1900 (based on research results in authors did in 1998).The village became
prosperous because of his batik business that dominated public life in those
days. In fact, according to research Setyaningsih Mandy (2000), the success of
this effort to attract immigrants (teteko) to stay in the region and be subject
dalem Kauman working to meet all the needs of the palace such as sewing (Gerjen
villages), bake (village Baladan), embroidery (village Blodiran) and so on.
There is the same social status and religion has led to sibling marriage (which
by Adaby Darban called endogamy), thus forming Kauman society into a society
that strengthens the bonds of blood kinship / kinship concentrated.
Historical value; But the
1939-1970s batik business went bankrupt. Therefore most of the occupants
switched professions to other fields, the former site of batik into neglected
and unkempt. The number of active entrepreneurs batik production and sell their
business in the region is much reduced from about 65, now only 22, the rest do
the processing outside Kauman batik. Kauman Village stems from Kawedanan
Yogiswara / Kapengulon. Great Mosque and the surrounding land is called Earth
Pamijen Keraton Keraton or Kraton Surakarta Domein. Kauman called Earth or
Earth Mutihan Pamethakan the region should only be inhabited by the people
(subjects of the palace) are Muslim. Lands autonomous / self-government,
according to former Kepmendagri May 26, 1988 Number 593.82/1957/SJ according to
the four letters A dictum BAL since 24 September 1960 have been removed and
transferred to the state their rights, the land became state land and can be
requested by anyone was eligible to be property rights (such information from
Tondonegoro, Section Pasiten, 1998).
Name of villages in the
region are given based on activity Kauman inhabitants, the village headman
Pangulon the residence palace, the home as a residence Ketib Sememen Sememi,
Modinan village is the abode of the muezzin. In addition there is the teteko
village (Kampung Baladan, Brodiran, Gerjen, etc.). While the street names taken
from the symbols of the greatness of Surakarta Palace is considered to have the
power of sacred / magical, including street name and Kalimosodo Wijayakusuma,
all have a sacred historical value, according to PB Biwadanata X revealed by
Mandy Setyaningsih, 2000.
Currently there are
differences in social and economic life is quite striking between Kauman people
who live on the inside, with living on the edge of the road. People living in
the inner, largely indigenous to livelihood as a trader or continuing batik
parents. While people living on the edge of the road is generally of Chinese
descent. Their house used to store / office.The potential of ancient buildings,
batik and distinctive culture of the people who are not visible from the
outside, closed shops and offices. This is one of the causes of Kauman less
known by the public, efforts are needed to solve it so that people may be
attracted to enter into this region. Kauman is the Old Village area that
deserve to be preserved and developed into a religious and tourist village of
batik with, among other reasons, first, an old village historic building
complete with ancient artifacts, such as the Grand Mosque, Break, House and
Home Ulema Abdi Dalem Batik is partly Entrepreneur of pristine and ready to be
revived.
Second, people still adhere
to the teachings of Islam. Tourism scholars and courtiers village of batik, a
potential hallmark Kauman are not found elsewhere. Third, very closely related
to the Surakarta palace. Development efforts could strengthen the existence of
this village palace and the old villages around it.Fourth, located in the area
of trade and commercial offices so as to have the
possibility of economic development easier and faster. Fifth, the fact that
Kampung Kauman located in Surakarta Cultural Corridor (Palace-Gedhe
Mangkunegaran-Market), which is a conservation area with priority handling. The
sixth reason that the great interest of local communities in empowering its
territory. This is evidenced by established / inducted Circle Kauman Batik
Tourism Village on April 7, 2006.
Is a commendable effort and
should be supported by all parties, interests of local communities to
"revive" the glory of its territory. The idea is already getting
positive response from the Government of Surakarta. The handling of this region
should be implemented so as not to result in increasingly destroyed and the
destruction of this region with huge potential.
Solo Batik Carnival
Solois famous as the city of batik. The city of Solo in Central Java also has a Solo Batik Carnival (SBC) which is not
less glorious costumes. SBC successfully attracted thousands of spectators. SoloBatik
Carnival held a carnival which confirms batik
as an icon of Solo District. Village Laweyan and Village Kauman prove it. Batik has grown and evolved into a
batik business in the small village for hundreds of years.The main costumes are
made from
a luxurious and magnificent batik and colored lights, making the special
performances of Solo Batik Carnival.
SBC is followed by no less than
250 participants. Not just local participants, SBC is also enlivened by Miss Indonesia, among others, Miss Environment, and Miss Tourism.Each year,
SBC brings a different theme
such as "Mask", "Flower of the world", and "Miracle
Legend". These themes are then translated through the costume
design of the participants that unique and creative. 'The style of
classical batik' combined with 'contemporary batik' and decorated with beads
and the crown, making the costumes more lively. Currently SBC continues to improve itself in
order to become one of the carnival were taken into account in the
international arena.
Implementation
date SBC is always
changing every year, but starting in 2009 SBC is always held in June.Started From Sriwedari Stadium, then
pass through Slamet Riyadi Street eastwards towards Gladag roundabout, then
turn left into Sudirman Street and will end at City Hall of Surakarta. The
distance of more than 3 kilometers.The participants waddle in the street with a
cool costume. Well the difference with the carnival in Brazil, there is
no carnival participants which uses a decorated car. The parade
conducted on foot.
SBC
is one of the entertainment of the people who are very eagerly awaited, is
evident from the enthusiastic crowd that came. Spectators who have been waiting
for the carnival since the afternoon, immediately pushed into the middle of the
road when the carnival begins.
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